Friday, November 14, 2008
Sunday, November 02, 2008
Saturday, November 01, 2008
Build Your Business on Blogging - Solutions by PC Magazine
Build Your Business on Blogging - Solutions by PC Magazine
On the flip side, if you can hire developers, a systems administration team, and perhaps even project managers, then consider stepping up to a full-featured open-source content management system, like Drupal or Alfresco. This kind of system will give you the maximum amount of flexibility, but with the need for dedicated staff it won't be easy on your bank account.
On the flip side, if you can hire developers, a systems administration team, and perhaps even project managers, then consider stepping up to a full-featured open-source content management system, like Drupal or Alfresco. This kind of system will give you the maximum amount of flexibility, but with the need for dedicated staff it won't be easy on your bank account.
Friday, October 31, 2008
Thursday, October 23, 2008
Monday, October 20, 2008
Friday, October 10, 2008
Tuesday, October 07, 2008
Cygwin，gcc的使用
Cygwin，gcc的使用（一）
很多用windows的朋友不习惯于用linux的开发环境。虽然很乐意尝试一下，但是往往怕linux系统打乱了自己的正常生活：1〉装linux系统把windows系统给搞坏了，导致自己无法正常生活；2>linux开发上手太难，写出第一个helloworld不亚于java的难度，环境配置摸不着头脑。 对于此，我的看法是：路不管平还是陡，终归你要走的，如果你愿意投入到linux开发的社群中来，不会安装linux系统，不会配置工作环境是不能想象的。(事实上，确实要了解很多东西的原理，不然很难排错：诸如，硬盘引导器的引导原理、分区结构原理及linux分区结构和文件系统、环境变量的设置、种类繁多的压缩包安装包的解压安装方法、用户管理权限管理等常用命令、以至于驱动安装系统中文化等等异常琐碎的东东)。
本文试图跳过这个难走的步骤，启用一个win环境下的linux仿真器（和linux下面的命令行开发环境基本一致），用短短的20分钟的时间，教你做出一个纯正的linux下gcc编译的helloworld。就象是买点心前先尝尝味道，不也是一件很愉快的事情么？(注：cygwin事实上不仅有此模拟功能，它也是移植unix<-->win程序的一个很有效的工具，也有人用它来做嵌入式系统开发)
一、cygwin是什么？
这个问题你最好google一下"cygwin的历史",或许能够获得更为详尽的答案。简而言之，cygwin是一个在windows平台上运行的linux模拟环境，是cygnus solutions公司开发的自由软件（该公司开发了很多好东西，著名的还有eCos，不过现已被Redhat收购）。插一句废话，很多朋友不明白linux和unix的区别和联系，在此也简要介绍一下。UNIX是一个注册商标，是要满足一大堆条件并且支付可观费用才能够被授权使用的一个操作系统;linux是unix的克隆版本，是由其创始人Linus和诸多世界知名的黑客手工打造的一个操作系统。为什么linux和unix之间有很多软件可以很轻松的移植？因为linux也满足POSIX规范,所以在运行机制上跟unix相近。以下引用网上的一段话用于说明cygwin的工作机制：cygnus当初首先把gcc，gdb，gas等开发工具进行了改进，使他们能够生成并解释win32的目标文件。然后，他们要把这些工具移植到windows平台上去。一种方案是基于win32 api对这些工具的源代码进行大幅修改，这样做显然需要大量工作。因此，他们采取了一种不同的方法——他们写了一个共享库(就是cygwin dll)，把win32 api中没有的unix风格的调用（如fork,spawn,signals,select,sockets等）封装在里面，也就是说，他们基于win32 api写了一个unix系统库的模拟层。这样，只要把这些工具的源代码和这个共享库连接到一起，就可以使用unix主机上的交叉编译器来生成可以在windows平台上运行的工具集。以这些移植到windows平台上的开发工具为基础，cygnus又逐步把其他的工具（几乎不需要对源代码进行修改，只需要修改他们的配置脚本）软件移植到windows上来。这样，在windows平台上运行bash和开发工具、用户工具，感觉好像在unix上工作。关于cygwin实现的更详细描述，请参考http://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/highlights.html
二、cygwin的安装。
cygwin的安装文件很容易通过google找到。目前国内的网站上有"网络安装版"和"本地安装版"两种。标准的发行版应该是 网络安装版。两者并无大不同，下面介绍一下安装的过程。
step1. 下载后，点击安装文件(setup.exe)进行安装，第一个画面是GNU版权说明，点"下一步(N)—>"，进入安装模式选择画面。
step2. 安装模式有"Install from Internet"、"Download form Internet"、
"Install from Local Directory" 三种。"Install form Internet"就是直接从internet上装，适用于网速较快的情况。如果你和我一样网速不是很快，或者说装过之后想把下载的安装文件保存起来，下次不再下载了直接安装，就应该选择"Download form Internet"，下载安装的文件（大约
step3. 接下来是选择安装目的路径和安装源文件所在的路径，之后就进入了选择安装包所在的路径。
注意了阿，这里可是重头戏。我第一安装的时候就是没有看清这一步，结果没有把gcc装进去，导致没法编译文件。
+ All Default
+ Admin Default
....
+ Devel Default
+ Editors Default
....
如上图所示，你在这个TreeView的某个节点上双击，就可以改变它的状态，如Default、Install、Uninstall、Reinstall四种状态。默认的都是Default状态，很多工具的默认状态都是不安装。在这里我选择了在All这一行上后面的Default上点Install，全部安装，以免后患。（注意：这里的树形控件和win下面的不同，你试试点在All上点 和 在All这一行后面的Default上点，会有不同的响应）
step4. 点下一步，安装成功。它会自动在你的桌面上建立一个快捷方式。
好了，下面就开始我的linux旅程了。双击cygwin的快捷方式进入系统。
首先介绍几个简单的linux命令。
pwd 显示当前的路径
cd 改变当前路径，无参数时进入对应用户的home目录
ls 列出当前目录下的文件。此命令有N多参数，比如ls -al
ps 列出当前系统进程
kill 杀死某个进程
mkdir 建立目录
rmdir 删除目录
rm 删除文件
mv 文件改名或目录改名
man 联机帮助
less 显示文件的最末几行
由于linux下面的命令大多都有很多参数，可以组合使用。所以，每当你不会或者记不清楚改用那个参数，那个开关的时候，可以用man来查找，比如，我想查找ls怎么使用，可以键入
$ man ls
系统回显信息如下：
LS(1) FSF LS(1)
NAME
ls - list directory contents
SYNOPSIS
ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
DESCRIPTION
List information about the FILEs (the current directory by
default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuSUX
nor --sort.
-a, --all
do not hide entries starting with .
-A, --almost-all
do not list implied . and ..
-b, --escape
print octal escapes for nongraphic characters
--block-size=SIZE
use SIZE-byte blocks
很全是吧，嘿嘿。
好了，多说无意，让我们来写一个hello world程序。
# cd
进入了/home/administrator目录，我当前的登陆帐号是administrator
# mkdir source
建立一个叫做source的子目录
# cd source
进入 /home/administrator/source
# vim hello.c
启动vim编辑器，来编写程序。好了，现在有必要简要介绍一下vim。
在linux界，有两大编辑器最有历史。其一是vi，其二是emacs。vi现在已经演化成了vim，比当前的vi更为强大。vim和emacs是两种截然不同的东西，vim强调用简洁的命令来完成功能，无论是查找、替换、正则表达式匹配、编译、链接、排错、函数间跳转等等等等都在命令行中完成，并且它把方向键也集成在了hjkl四个键之上，可以说，用了vim基本上可以不用鼠标了:p emacs则是在功能强大上做文章，版本控制、模拟多种编辑环境、对文本进行各种操作，可谓之一个强大的文本处理系统。emacs是用诸如Ctrl+Alt+K 之类的组合键来控制的；vim则是用se(set 的缩写)等简洁命令来控制的。
由于cygwin中只提供了vim(能不能自己装emacs我还没有试过)，我们就先体验一下vim吧。
vim加载文本文件后分为命令模式和插入模式两种。插入模式，顾名思义就是输入编辑文本；命令模式，则是输入各种vim的控制命令，常用的有：
i 进入编辑模式
h 左移
j 下移
k 上移
l 右移
w 存盘
q 退出
！ 强调执行
有些命令是可以组合使用的，如果你修改了某个文件，想存盘退出，则可以使用wq；如果你想放弃存盘，直接退出则可以使用q! 好了大家体验一下吧，记住：从编辑模式退回命令模式按"Esc"，再按":"，在输入指令，从命令模式进入编辑模式用i，初次使用vim肯定很难受，嘿嘿，不过用多了就习惯了，确实很省劲。
我们编辑hello.c文件，输入：
#include
int main(void) {
printf( "Hello World!");
}
然后，输入wq命令退到命令行。
输入编译指令：
# gcc hello.c -o hello
编译成功后可以看一下
# ls
看到hello.exe了吧，嘿嘿。
好，让我们运行看看。
# ./hello
效果如何？不错吧？ :)
okey，现在玩一个C++的hello world，
# vim world.cpp
输入：
#include
using namespace std;
void main() {
cout << "Hello World!";
}
编译C++程序要用g++
# g++ world.cpp -o world
运行一下哈，
# ./world
如何，效果不错吧？诸位都是高手，走到这步应该编些简单程序都不成问题了吧。
Sunday, October 05, 2008
Friday, October 03, 2008
Improve Your Word Processing Efficiency With Keyboard Shortcuts Part I ~ IT Professionals
Improve Your Word Processing Efficiency With Keyboard Shortcuts Part I ~ IT Professionals: "CTRL SHIFT V - Paste formatting only"
CTRL + SHIFT + V - Paste formatting only
CTRL + SHIFT + V - Paste formatting only
Thursday, October 02, 2008
7000亿救市，多吗？
2007年各国国民生产总值排名
01----美国132216.85亿美元人均-43995美元
02----日本-49113.62亿美元人均-38533美元
03----德国-28582.34亿美元人均-34679美元
04----中国-26971.64亿美元人均-2052 美元
05----英国-23413.71亿美元人均-38636美元
06----法国-21537.46亿美元人均-35377美元
07---意大利17839.59亿美元人均-30689美元
08---加拿大10889.37亿美元人均-32898美元
09---西班牙10812.29亿美元人均-26763美元
10----印度--7961.43亿美元人均-727美元
印度人民不吃不喝干一年．．．美国人民０．０５年＝１９天．我说时间怎么过的这么慢呢．
01----美国132216.85亿美元人均-43995美元
02----日本-49113.62亿美元人均-38533美元
03----德国-28582.34亿美元人均-34679美元
04----中国-26971.64亿美元人均-2052 美元
05----英国-23413.71亿美元人均-38636美元
06----法国-21537.46亿美元人均-35377美元
07---意大利17839.59亿美元人均-30689美元
08---加拿大10889.37亿美元人均-32898美元
09---西班牙10812.29亿美元人均-26763美元
10----印度--7961.43亿美元人均-727美元
印度人民不吃不喝干一年．．．美国人民０．０５年＝１９天．我说时间怎么过的这么慢呢．
Monday, September 29, 2008
Sunday, September 28, 2008
发泄一下
刚和家里打完电话，心情不好。想起来好久没有写东西了，上来发泄一下，唉~心老了，也懒得写了。
这一年来发生了许许多多的事情，倦了~
两天前看见jack，被他磕了，疼得我一天都没怎么说话。（真没出息，唉~）
但愿人人都能实现自己的梦想，人人有屋住，人人有饭吃，一切都好~
不说废话了，转一篇文章吧：
【原创】以前 vs 将来 [ bigc ] 于:2008-06-04 03:54:49
有一对堪称神仙眷侣的夫妇。自从他们俩遇见后，就不可收拾地坠入爱河，从此像两颗糖果一样粘在了一起。可是过了两年，那个女孩来找心理医生，诉说自己的不安。
“我该怎么办，我们这样在一起，真是太没有出息了。”
大夫问“你们这样不快乐吗?”
“就是因为太快乐了，所以糊里糊涂一下就过了两年，完全不思上进。遇见他之前，我本来为了升职，准备去年考在职研究生的，结果没去，他也没有按原计划出国深造。我们甚至都没有开始攒钱买房子。”
大夫又问“为什么要这些“上进”呢？”
“为了将来啊，我们可以生活得更幸福。”
“让我来给你讲两个故事吧。”大夫说道
第一个故事是关于“以前”的。有一个中年男人，深深地爱上了一个女孩。可是，他有过非常不愉快的婚姻，而且纠缠了整整十年，好不容易离婚了以后，他作出了一个决定，再也不结婚了。
尽管这个男人是如此爱这个女孩，他还是不能忘记以前的痛，不敢重新走进伤害过他的婚姻之门。结果，他选择放弃了这个女孩，继续他单身的生活。他就这样一直生活在“以前”，直到又过了二十年，他忽然发觉，自己其实是为了之前的十年，放弃了之后的二十年，而那比“以前”更长的时光中，有无穷美与好的可能性，现在也一样变成了以前。
第二个故事是关于“将来”。有一对很相爱的夫妇，睡在一张简陋的小床上，她枕着他的胳膊，麻了，他忍着，因为不忍心吵醒她，他的腿搁在她的腿上，压痛了，她一动不动。有一天早上，他们相亲相爱地醒来，忽然想，如果有一栋海边的大房子该多好，如果这样，生活应该会更幸福吧。
于是像很多为了将来打拼的夫妇一样，她的心思全放在了事业上，家里变得凌乱不堪；他在外面做事不顺利，回家免不了脾气暴躁。后来，他有了一个到其他国家发展的机会，一去就是五年。她很是寂寞，就与一个同事有了暧昧的关系。
好在婚姻即便这样跌跌撞撞，也维持了三十年。直到两人白发苍苍，银行的存款真的足够去买一栋海边的大房子了，他们却早已不睡在同一张床上。他们为了一个所谓的“将来”，磨折了自己三十年，这本来可以很幸福的三十年。
“当你觉得快乐的时候，”大夫最后说，“你已经忘记了以前和将来，何必再去想起。在从生到死这个无稽的过程中，我们只活一天，若这一天有爱，那便已是永远。”
在我看来，这不仅只是两个故事而已，我们哪个人不是这样荒唐地在生活着，在“以前”的经验中趑趄不前，并同时为着一个莫名其妙的“将来”，诸如五年后的职称、十年后的年假、二十年后的退休计划，三十年后的环球旅行，而说服自己要选择一个默默忍受的现在。活在以前和将来的人，即便眼下就是唾手可得的幸福，他们也不会安然捧起，他们会把这幸福延迟到“将来”才觉得安全，或者让“以前”来质疑这幸福。
人的快乐，都是自己推倒的。
以上
昨天上的java，老师的一个故事让我感动良久。我知道自己是个stubborn的人。。。。。（但是就是hate sunnyvale这个城市的娱乐场所）
庸人自扰吧，写了这么多心情平和了不少。
I believe time is my critical，只希望老爸老妈身体健康！！！
安啦
Frank~
这一年来发生了许许多多的事情，倦了~
两天前看见jack，被他磕了，疼得我一天都没怎么说话。（真没出息，唉~）
但愿人人都能实现自己的梦想，人人有屋住，人人有饭吃，一切都好~
不说废话了，转一篇文章吧：
【原创】以前 vs 将来 [ bigc ] 于:2008-06-04 03:54:49
有一对堪称神仙眷侣的夫妇。自从他们俩遇见后，
“我该怎么办，我们这样在一起，真是太没有出息了。”
大夫问“你们这样不快乐吗?”
“就是因为太快乐了，所以糊里糊涂一下就过了两年，
大夫又问“为什么要这些“上进”呢？”
“为了将来啊，我们可以生活得更幸福。”
“让我来给你讲两个故事吧。”大夫说道
第一个故事是关于“以前”的。有一个中年男人，
尽管这个男人是如此爱这个女孩，他还是不能忘记以前的痛，
第二个故事是关于“将来”。有一对很相爱的夫妇，
于是像很多为了将来打拼的夫妇一样，她的心思全放在了事业上，
好在婚姻即便这样跌跌撞撞，也维持了三十年。直到两人白发苍苍，
“当你觉得快乐的时候，”大夫最后说，“
在我看来，这不仅只是两个故事而已，
人的快乐，都是自己推倒的。
以上
昨天上的java，老师的一个故事让我感动良久。我知道自己是个stubborn的人。。。。。（但是就是hate sunnyvale这个城市的娱乐场所）
庸人自扰吧，写了这么多心情平和了不少。
I believe time is my critical，只希望老爸老妈身体健康！！！
安啦
Frank~
from 知道分子 by hutuworm
贺卫方 老师在最近的一次演讲中，引述 钱锺书 先生《写在人生边上》之《谈教训》：
上帝要懲罰人類，有時來一個荒年，有時來一 次瘟疫或戰爭，有時產生一個道德家，抱有高尚得一般人實現不了的理想，伴隨著和他的理想成正比例的自信心和煽動力，融合成不自覺的驕傲。
上帝要懲罰人類，有時來一個荒年，有時來一 次瘟疫或戰爭，有時產生一個道德家，抱有高尚得一般人實現不了的理想，伴隨著和他的理想成正比例的自信心和煽動力，融合成不自覺的驕傲。
妖怪小百科
Imp（魔精）
德国传说中的一种体型很小的魔鬼，大约只有人的1/2到1/4高，有双翼，擅长偷袭，通常由法师呼出，充当信差或侦 察员。在《暗黑破坏神2》资料片中有一种叫Demon Imp的怪物，个头矮小，山羊腿，尾巴短而弯曲，体毛不多，穿一件深色背心，头发为白色或浅灰色，密密地从头部两侧垂下，远看酷似木偶。
英语里“Imp”也有“顽童”的意思。
Lilith（莉丽丝）
犹太传说中的夜魔，字意为“属于黑夜的”。据说她是与亚当同时被创造出来的第一位女子，因无视神灵而受到处 罚，最终跳红海而死，在她死后天神才用亚当的肋骨创造了夏娃。莉丽丝死后成为永不衰老的女魔，拥有美丽的容颜、乌黑的长发和一条蛇尾。这位“夜之魔女”的 形象在几经传说后变成了一个吸血的女鬼。
Oni（恶鬼）
日本神话里的恶鬼。虽然不属于西方神话的范畴，但因为Bungie公司即将发布的一部动作游戏的名字就是 “Oni”，因此在这里做一下介绍。日本神话里有许多不同的恶鬼（Oni），出现次数最多的是地狱恶鬼，这些恶鬼通常为绿色或红色，长着牛头或马头，人的 身体（类似中国传说中的牛头马面）。它们抓住有罪的人后会把他装入死神那辆熊熊燃烧的战车之中。还有一种饿鬼流传也很广，这种饿鬼肚子向外鼓出，可以任意 改变自己的形状，总是又饿又渴。恶鬼是疾病和灾祸的起源。
Vampire（吸血鬼）
吸血鬼是一种附体的鬼魂，眉毛蓬乱，手掌长毛，以坟墓和棺材为家，畏惧日光，常在夜间从坟墓里爬出来吸食 活人的血，以延续自己的生命。吸血鬼通常不是用牙齿咬受害者，而是通过皮肤的毛孔吸血，被吸血鬼残害的人死后也会变成吸血鬼。从“吸血”而非“咬血”这一 特征我们可以知道，那种长着一对尖齿的吸血鬼实际上是作家杜撰出来的形象。对付吸血鬼可以用阳光、圣水、圣体或十字架，将木桩钉入它的心脏可以让它永远无 法复活，吸血鬼害怕大蒜的说法则来自罗马尼亚。
最早关于吸血鬼的记载是在伊朗发现的一个史前陶罐，陶罐上画着一名男人与一个想吸 他血的魔鬼搏斗的场景。此后犹太传说中的夜魔莉丽丝（见Lilith）也是一个吸血女鬼的形象，喜欢吸食儿童的血。北欧传说中有吸血僵尸的说法，南美传说 中也有一个名为阿兹曼（Azeman）的吸血女鬼，白天为女人的形状，夜晚会变为蝙蝠或其它动物。当地人有一个很有趣的方法可以防止她的骚扰，因为阿兹曼 对于数数有着天生的爱好，如果把种子撒在地板上或在家门口挂一把扫帚的话，她就会停下来数这些种子，或是呆在门口数扫帚的穗数。其实这些传说都不是真正意 义上的吸血鬼，真正的吸血鬼同基督的传说有着密切的关系。
公元785年，查理曼大帝颁布法令，迫使萨克森人改信基督教，接受基督 教的洗礼，根据这道法令，凡是把异教信仰同圣餐里的面包和葡萄酒视为耶稣的身体和血的想法混为一谈的萨克森人一律处死，相传吸血鬼的起源就与耶稣以及圣母 玛利亚的血有关。到了十一世纪，人们对圣血更为迷信，一些巫师开出的资料百病和延缓衰老的药方竟然是喝处女的血，直至文艺复兴时期，关于吸血鬼的迷信愈演 愈烈。
我们现在见到的吸血鬼形象实际上是以英国作家布拉姆·斯托克的小说《吸血鬼达寇拉》为原型的，其中的达寇拉公爵成为现代吸 血鬼的原型。吸血鬼在电影史上的经典之作当数1992年的《惊情四百年》，这部电影就是根据布拉姆·斯托克的小说《吸血鬼达寇拉》改编而成的，从下面这段 剧情中大家可以了解到现代吸血鬼的起源：公元1462年，君土坦丁堡受到土耳其人的袭击，达寇拉公爵受命征讨土耳其军。不料在他获胜之时，谣言四起，传闻 他的军队在前线被打败，他本人也被敌军杀死。达寇拉公爵的妻子莉莎悲痛欲绝，投河自杀，班师回国的达寇拉公爵看到妻子的尸体后痛苦万分，他愤怒地责问上 帝，为什么他一生都为主而战，最后却得到这样的结局。于是他用长矛刺穿十字架上的耶稣，鲜血四流，从此他便投向魔鬼，以鲜血为生命，成为一个不死的吸血僵 尸。
欧美游戏中也有许多关于吸血鬼的作品，仅2000年就发布过《狩魔猎人3：神之血》、《吸血鬼：千年潜藏》和《吸血鬼达寇 拉》等多部以吸血鬼为主题的游戏，在《柏德之门2》等游戏里，吸血鬼是一种高级怪物，会控制角色的行动，耗尽角色的等级。值得一提的是，Sierra公司 的《狩魔猎人》系列一直以西方传说中的神秘文化为卖点，如巫毒教、狼人和吸血鬼，在《狩魔猎人3：神之血》里还出现有独角兽的形象。
Empusae（安普莎）
一种长着铜脚的食人女怪，与拉弥亚（见Lamia）同为赫卡蒂（司夜和冥界的女神）的侍女。形状为半驴半人，会变化成妓女、母牛和美丽的少女模样，引诱人们靠近然后吞食他们，有时也被描述为吸血女怪。
Yeck（耶克）
印度神话中一种会变形的小精灵，常常变化为毛茸茸的小动物，头上还戴着一顶小白帽。别小看这些小精灵，他们的力量很大，足以搬动一座山。耶克喜欢引人迷路，如果你能偷到它们的帽子的话，就可以拥有隐身的能力。
Orthus（奥特休斯）：
伽狄拉海湾厄里茨阿岛上替革律翁（见Geryon）看管红牛群的双头犬，厄喀德那（见Echinda）和堤丰（见Typhon）的后代，地狱恶犬刻耳柏洛斯（见Cerberus）的兄弟，最后被大力神赫拉克勒斯一棒打死。
Unicorn（独角兽）
最早提到独角兽的是古希腊历史学家、医生凯特西亚斯作于公元前389年的一篇手稿，据他说这是一种与马差 不多大小的野兽，身体为纯白色，头部为暗红色，眼睛为深蓝色，头顶有一犄角，长约一英尺半。罗马科学家普林尼曾对它作了比较详细的描述，说这是一种“非常 暴躁凶残的野兽，体似马，头似鹿，足似象，尾似野猪，吼声低沉有力，额头上的犄角为黑色，大约两尺来长。”
独角兽生性喜爱洁净， 对纯洁的人或物有特殊的好感，捕捉独角兽的唯一办法是让一位年轻的处女走到独角兽身边，此时独角兽会温顺地躺在她脚下，将头部枕在她的膝盖上入睡。据说独 角兽头上的那只角（Alicorn）具有神奇的治疗功能，在凯特西亚斯的手稿中曾经记载说，把那只角磨成的粉和药水调配在一起可以防止许多疾病，将角挖空 用来盛酒的话可以去除酒里的毒。
到了中世纪的时候，独角兽成为“权利”、“高贵”和“纯洁”的象征，它的角象征着“精神之箭”、 “上帝之剑”、“阳光”和“神的启示”。在圣经故事中曾提到独角兽因未被带上诺亚方舟而淹死在汪洋大海之中，从此灭绝了踪迹。相传独角兽的角一次可以刺死 一头大象，在《一千零一夜》辛巴达的第二次航行中有相关记载。独角兽的唯一敌人是狮子，在十六世纪的一段诗中记述了独角兽与狮子的一次决斗，独角兽的角刺 入树干拔不出来，结果被狮子咬死。到了十八世纪初，英格兰与苏格兰合并，英格兰的豹和狮子与苏格兰的独角兽同成为大不列颠帝国皇家军队的徽章形像。现代故 事常把独角兽简单地描写为长有独角的白马。
许多人认为独角兽的原型实际上是独角鲸和印度的独角犀，经过旅行者的夸大其词而演变为独角兽，据说曾有人把独角鲸前额上那根突出的触角当作独角兽的角出售。中国神话和日本神话中的麒麟也可视为东方的独角兽。
Ziz（栖枝）
在圣歌书中曾经提到的一种巨鸟，与巨鹏（见Roc）相似，据说是上帝创造出来保护其它鸟类的神鸟。在犹太教中属于洁净之餐，相传当世界末日降临的时候，栖枝、贝希摩斯（Behemoth）和利维坦（Leviathan）将一起成为圣洁者的食物。
Ladon（拉冬）
欧律斯透斯国王交给赫拉克勒斯的十二个任务之一是到金苹果圣园里去偷取金苹果，这棵金苹果树是大地女神盖亚从西 海岸带来送给宙斯和赫拉的结婚礼物，夜神的四个女儿赫斯珀里得斯仙女被指派看守圣园，帮助她们看守的就是这条名叫拉冬的巨龙，它是百怪之父福耳库斯和大地 之女刻托所生的百头巨龙，从不睡觉，走动时总是发出震耳欲聋的响声，因为它的一百张嘴会发出一百种不同的声音。最后赫拉克勒斯借扛天巨人（见Atlas） 之手诱巨龙睡着，杀死巨龙并偷得了金苹果。
在关于阿耳戈英雄的希腊神话中，阿耳戈英雄的首领伊阿宋也是在战胜一条从不睡觉的巨龙 后才拿到的金羊毛，这条巨龙毫无倦意地看守着圣林中的金羊毛，一见来人就会伸长脖子，发出一阵阵可怕而又尖利的吼叫。伊阿宋的爱人美狄亚以甜美的声音祈求 睡神斯拉芙为她呼唤恶龙入睡，并请来伟大的地狱女神赐福给她，使这条巨龙昏昏欲睡。最后她用杜松树枝把魔液洒在巨龙的眼睛里，令它昏迷不醒，这才拿到了金 羊毛。这条龙在某些记载中也被说成拉冬。
德国传说中的一种体型很小的魔鬼，大约只有人的1/2到1/4高，有双翼，擅长偷袭，通常由法师呼出，充当信差或侦 察员。在《暗黑破坏神2》资料片中有一种叫Demon Imp的怪物，个头矮小，山羊腿，尾巴短而弯曲，体毛不多，穿一件深色背心，头发为白色或浅灰色，密密地从头部两侧垂下，远看酷似木偶。
英语里“Imp”也有“顽童”的意思。
Lilith（莉丽丝）
犹太传说中的夜魔，字意为“属于黑夜的”。据说她是与亚当同时被创造出来的第一位女子，因无视神灵而受到处 罚，最终跳红海而死，在她死后天神才用亚当的肋骨创造了夏娃。莉丽丝死后成为永不衰老的女魔，拥有美丽的容颜、乌黑的长发和一条蛇尾。这位“夜之魔女”的 形象在几经传说后变成了一个吸血的女鬼。
Oni（恶鬼）
日本神话里的恶鬼。虽然不属于西方神话的范畴，但因为Bungie公司即将发布的一部动作游戏的名字就是 “Oni”，因此在这里做一下介绍。日本神话里有许多不同的恶鬼（Oni），出现次数最多的是地狱恶鬼，这些恶鬼通常为绿色或红色，长着牛头或马头，人的 身体（类似中国传说中的牛头马面）。它们抓住有罪的人后会把他装入死神那辆熊熊燃烧的战车之中。还有一种饿鬼流传也很广，这种饿鬼肚子向外鼓出，可以任意 改变自己的形状，总是又饿又渴。恶鬼是疾病和灾祸的起源。
Vampire（吸血鬼）
吸血鬼是一种附体的鬼魂，眉毛蓬乱，手掌长毛，以坟墓和棺材为家，畏惧日光，常在夜间从坟墓里爬出来吸食 活人的血，以延续自己的生命。吸血鬼通常不是用牙齿咬受害者，而是通过皮肤的毛孔吸血，被吸血鬼残害的人死后也会变成吸血鬼。从“吸血”而非“咬血”这一 特征我们可以知道，那种长着一对尖齿的吸血鬼实际上是作家杜撰出来的形象。对付吸血鬼可以用阳光、圣水、圣体或十字架，将木桩钉入它的心脏可以让它永远无 法复活，吸血鬼害怕大蒜的说法则来自罗马尼亚。
最早关于吸血鬼的记载是在伊朗发现的一个史前陶罐，陶罐上画着一名男人与一个想吸 他血的魔鬼搏斗的场景。此后犹太传说中的夜魔莉丽丝（见Lilith）也是一个吸血女鬼的形象，喜欢吸食儿童的血。北欧传说中有吸血僵尸的说法，南美传说 中也有一个名为阿兹曼（Azeman）的吸血女鬼，白天为女人的形状，夜晚会变为蝙蝠或其它动物。当地人有一个很有趣的方法可以防止她的骚扰，因为阿兹曼 对于数数有着天生的爱好，如果把种子撒在地板上或在家门口挂一把扫帚的话，她就会停下来数这些种子，或是呆在门口数扫帚的穗数。其实这些传说都不是真正意 义上的吸血鬼，真正的吸血鬼同基督的传说有着密切的关系。
公元785年，查理曼大帝颁布法令，迫使萨克森人改信基督教，接受基督 教的洗礼，根据这道法令，凡是把异教信仰同圣餐里的面包和葡萄酒视为耶稣的身体和血的想法混为一谈的萨克森人一律处死，相传吸血鬼的起源就与耶稣以及圣母 玛利亚的血有关。到了十一世纪，人们对圣血更为迷信，一些巫师开出的资料百病和延缓衰老的药方竟然是喝处女的血，直至文艺复兴时期，关于吸血鬼的迷信愈演 愈烈。
我们现在见到的吸血鬼形象实际上是以英国作家布拉姆·斯托克的小说《吸血鬼达寇拉》为原型的，其中的达寇拉公爵成为现代吸 血鬼的原型。吸血鬼在电影史上的经典之作当数1992年的《惊情四百年》，这部电影就是根据布拉姆·斯托克的小说《吸血鬼达寇拉》改编而成的，从下面这段 剧情中大家可以了解到现代吸血鬼的起源：公元1462年，君土坦丁堡受到土耳其人的袭击，达寇拉公爵受命征讨土耳其军。不料在他获胜之时，谣言四起，传闻 他的军队在前线被打败，他本人也被敌军杀死。达寇拉公爵的妻子莉莎悲痛欲绝，投河自杀，班师回国的达寇拉公爵看到妻子的尸体后痛苦万分，他愤怒地责问上 帝，为什么他一生都为主而战，最后却得到这样的结局。于是他用长矛刺穿十字架上的耶稣，鲜血四流，从此他便投向魔鬼，以鲜血为生命，成为一个不死的吸血僵 尸。
欧美游戏中也有许多关于吸血鬼的作品，仅2000年就发布过《狩魔猎人3：神之血》、《吸血鬼：千年潜藏》和《吸血鬼达寇 拉》等多部以吸血鬼为主题的游戏，在《柏德之门2》等游戏里，吸血鬼是一种高级怪物，会控制角色的行动，耗尽角色的等级。值得一提的是，Sierra公司 的《狩魔猎人》系列一直以西方传说中的神秘文化为卖点，如巫毒教、狼人和吸血鬼，在《狩魔猎人3：神之血》里还出现有独角兽的形象。
Empusae（安普莎）
一种长着铜脚的食人女怪，与拉弥亚（见Lamia）同为赫卡蒂（司夜和冥界的女神）的侍女。形状为半驴半人，会变化成妓女、母牛和美丽的少女模样，引诱人们靠近然后吞食他们，有时也被描述为吸血女怪。
Yeck（耶克）
印度神话中一种会变形的小精灵，常常变化为毛茸茸的小动物，头上还戴着一顶小白帽。别小看这些小精灵，他们的力量很大，足以搬动一座山。耶克喜欢引人迷路，如果你能偷到它们的帽子的话，就可以拥有隐身的能力。
Orthus（奥特休斯）：
伽狄拉海湾厄里茨阿岛上替革律翁（见Geryon）看管红牛群的双头犬，厄喀德那（见Echinda）和堤丰（见Typhon）的后代，地狱恶犬刻耳柏洛斯（见Cerberus）的兄弟，最后被大力神赫拉克勒斯一棒打死。
Unicorn（独角兽）
最早提到独角兽的是古希腊历史学家、医生凯特西亚斯作于公元前389年的一篇手稿，据他说这是一种与马差 不多大小的野兽，身体为纯白色，头部为暗红色，眼睛为深蓝色，头顶有一犄角，长约一英尺半。罗马科学家普林尼曾对它作了比较详细的描述，说这是一种“非常 暴躁凶残的野兽，体似马，头似鹿，足似象，尾似野猪，吼声低沉有力，额头上的犄角为黑色，大约两尺来长。”
独角兽生性喜爱洁净， 对纯洁的人或物有特殊的好感，捕捉独角兽的唯一办法是让一位年轻的处女走到独角兽身边，此时独角兽会温顺地躺在她脚下，将头部枕在她的膝盖上入睡。据说独 角兽头上的那只角（Alicorn）具有神奇的治疗功能，在凯特西亚斯的手稿中曾经记载说，把那只角磨成的粉和药水调配在一起可以防止许多疾病，将角挖空 用来盛酒的话可以去除酒里的毒。
到了中世纪的时候，独角兽成为“权利”、“高贵”和“纯洁”的象征，它的角象征着“精神之箭”、 “上帝之剑”、“阳光”和“神的启示”。在圣经故事中曾提到独角兽因未被带上诺亚方舟而淹死在汪洋大海之中，从此灭绝了踪迹。相传独角兽的角一次可以刺死 一头大象，在《一千零一夜》辛巴达的第二次航行中有相关记载。独角兽的唯一敌人是狮子，在十六世纪的一段诗中记述了独角兽与狮子的一次决斗，独角兽的角刺 入树干拔不出来，结果被狮子咬死。到了十八世纪初，英格兰与苏格兰合并，英格兰的豹和狮子与苏格兰的独角兽同成为大不列颠帝国皇家军队的徽章形像。现代故 事常把独角兽简单地描写为长有独角的白马。
许多人认为独角兽的原型实际上是独角鲸和印度的独角犀，经过旅行者的夸大其词而演变为独角兽，据说曾有人把独角鲸前额上那根突出的触角当作独角兽的角出售。中国神话和日本神话中的麒麟也可视为东方的独角兽。
Ziz（栖枝）
在圣歌书中曾经提到的一种巨鸟，与巨鹏（见Roc）相似，据说是上帝创造出来保护其它鸟类的神鸟。在犹太教中属于洁净之餐，相传当世界末日降临的时候，栖枝、贝希摩斯（Behemoth）和利维坦（Leviathan）将一起成为圣洁者的食物。
Ladon（拉冬）
欧律斯透斯国王交给赫拉克勒斯的十二个任务之一是到金苹果圣园里去偷取金苹果，这棵金苹果树是大地女神盖亚从西 海岸带来送给宙斯和赫拉的结婚礼物，夜神的四个女儿赫斯珀里得斯仙女被指派看守圣园，帮助她们看守的就是这条名叫拉冬的巨龙，它是百怪之父福耳库斯和大地 之女刻托所生的百头巨龙，从不睡觉，走动时总是发出震耳欲聋的响声，因为它的一百张嘴会发出一百种不同的声音。最后赫拉克勒斯借扛天巨人（见Atlas） 之手诱巨龙睡着，杀死巨龙并偷得了金苹果。
在关于阿耳戈英雄的希腊神话中，阿耳戈英雄的首领伊阿宋也是在战胜一条从不睡觉的巨龙 后才拿到的金羊毛，这条巨龙毫无倦意地看守着圣林中的金羊毛，一见来人就会伸长脖子，发出一阵阵可怕而又尖利的吼叫。伊阿宋的爱人美狄亚以甜美的声音祈求 睡神斯拉芙为她呼唤恶龙入睡，并请来伟大的地狱女神赐福给她，使这条巨龙昏昏欲睡。最后她用杜松树枝把魔液洒在巨龙的眼睛里，令它昏迷不醒，这才拿到了金 羊毛。这条龙在某些记载中也被说成拉冬。
Tuesday, September 16, 2008
On board
I am going to on board for my trip. In San hose airport, there are too many weird things.
Recently, it is a rush both in company and spare life. Hard to say....I believe there few people can understand why I
It is high time for fly, I will make up here when I got time.
Hopeful everything will be great.
:)
Recently, it is a rush both in company and spare life. Hard to say....I believe there few people can understand why I
It is high time for fly, I will make up here when I got time.
Hopeful everything will be great.
:)
Sunday, September 07, 2008
To be or not to be
To be, or not to be: that is the question:
Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
And by opposing end them. To die: to sleep;
No more; and by a sleep to say we end
The heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation
Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;
To sleep: perchance to dream: aye, there's the rub;
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come,
When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,
Must give us pause: there's the respect
That makes calamity of so long life;
For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,
The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,
The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,
The insolence of office, and the spurns
That patient merit of the unworthy takes,
When he himself might his quietus make
With a bare bodkin? who would fardels bear,
To grunt and sweat under a weary life,
But that the dread of something after death,
The undiscover'd country from whose bourn
No traveler returns, puzzles the will,
And makes us rather bear those ills we have
Than fly to others that we know not of?
Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,
And thus the native hue of resolution
Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,
And enterprises of great pitch and moment
With this regard their currents turn awry
And lose the name of action.
Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer
The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,
Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,
And by opposing end them. To die: to sleep;
No more; and by a sleep to say we end
The heart-ache, and the thousand natural shocks
That flesh is heir to, 'tis a consummation
Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep;
To sleep: perchance to dream: aye, there's the rub;
For in that sleep of death what dreams may come,
When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,
Must give us pause: there's the respect
That makes calamity of so long life;
For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,
The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,
The pangs of despised love, the law's delay,
The insolence of office, and the spurns
That patient merit of the unworthy takes,
When he himself might his quietus make
With a bare bodkin? who would fardels bear,
To grunt and sweat under a weary life,
But that the dread of something after death,
The undiscover'd country from whose bourn
No traveler returns, puzzles the will,
And makes us rather bear those ills we have
Than fly to others that we know not of?
Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,
And thus the native hue of resolution
Is sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought,
And enterprises of great pitch and moment
With this regard their currents turn awry
And lose the name of action.
Saturday, August 30, 2008
Wednesday, August 27, 2008
Wednesday, August 20, 2008
Monday, August 18, 2008
printers in Citrix
Windows Server 终端服务中的打印机重定向体系结构
Windows Server 终端服务中的打印机重定向体系结构
概要
本文介绍 Windows 2000 和 Windows Server 2003 终端服务如何重定向客户机的本地打印机端口。
更多信息
在 Windows Server 终端服务中，客户端的本地打印机端口在您建立终端服务会话时被重定向。建立连接之后，将执行下面的过程：
1. 从注册表中枚举客户端上的本地打印机（COM、LPT 和 USB）列表。
2. 查询客户端上的打印机驱动程序字符串名称。
3. 将驱动程序字符串名称与当前安装的打印机进行比较以匹配驱动程序名称。
4. 如果服务器具有与当前安装的驱动程序相匹配的字符串，将重定向此打印机。
5. 如果服务器从当前安装的驱动程序中找不到匹配的驱动程序名称，则服务器会在 Ntprint.inf 中查找匹配的字符串名称。如果找到匹配的名称，则服务器将从服务器上的 Driver.cab 文件中提取并安装该驱动程序，然后重定向使用该驱动程序的客户端打印机。
6. 如果服务器在 Ntprint.inf 中找不到匹配的驱动程序名称，则它将不会重定向客户端打印机，并且记录一个事件，指出无法重定向打印机。
有关可能记录的事件的其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：
239088 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/239088/) Windows 2000 终端服务服务器记录事件 1111、1105 和 1106
注意：客户端的网络打印机未被重定向。 有关网络打印机未被重定向的原因的其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：
264039 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/264039/) Windows 2000 终端服务不重定向网络打印机
在基于 Windows Server 的计算机上，Ntprint.inf 文件位于 %SystemRoot%\Inf 文件夹中，通常为 C:\Winnt\Inf。
有关其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：
243552 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/243552/) 如何使用终端服务手动添加重定向的客户端打印机
Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 (SP2) 包含的新功能可更新 Windows 2000 在终端服务中处理打印机重定向的方式。它在决定如何映射驱动程序方面具有更大的灵活性，并且允许使用映射文件重定向更多的打印机。 有关其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：
Windows Server 终端服务中的打印机重定向体系结构
概要
本文介绍 Windows 2000 和 Windows Server 2003 终端服务如何重定向客户机的本地打印机端口。
更多信息
在 Windows Server 终端服务中，客户端的本地打印机端口在您建立终端服务会话时被重定向。建立连接之后，将执行下面的过程：
1. 从注册表中枚举客户端上的本地打印机（COM、LPT 和 USB）列表。
2. 查询客户端上的打印机驱动程序字符串名称。
3. 将驱动程序字符串名称与当前安装的打印机进行比较以匹配驱动程序名称。
4. 如果服务器具有与当前安装的驱动程序相匹配的字符串，将重定向此打印机。
5. 如果服务器从当前安装的驱动程序中找不到匹配的驱动程序名称，则服务器会在 Ntprint.inf 中查找匹配的字符串名称。如果找到匹配的名称，则服务器将从服务器上的 Driver.cab 文件中提取并安装该驱动程序，然后重定向使用该驱动程序的客户端打印机。
6. 如果服务器在 Ntprint.inf 中找不到匹配的驱动程序名称，则它将不会重定向客户端打印机，并且记录一个事件，指出无法重定向打印机。
有关可能记录的事件的其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：
239088 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/239088/) Windows 2000 终端服务服务器记录事件 1111、1105 和 1106
注意：客户端的网络打印机未被重定向。 有关网络打印机未被重定向的原因的其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：
264039 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/264039/) Windows 2000 终端服务不重定向网络打印机
在基于 Windows Server 的计算机上，Ntprint.inf 文件位于 %SystemRoot%\Inf 文件夹中，通常为 C:\Winnt\Inf。
有关其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：
243552 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/243552/) 如何使用终端服务手动添加重定向的客户端打印机
Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 (SP2) 包含的新功能可更新 Windows 2000 在终端服务中处理打印机重定向的方式。它在决定如何映射驱动程序方面具有更大的灵活性，并且允许使用映射文件重定向更多的打印机。 有关其他信息，请单击下面的文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：
Saturday, August 16, 2008
Firewall Settings for Configuration Manager Clients
Firewall Settings for Configuration Manager Clients
Firewall Settings for Configuration Manager Clients
[Topics referencing Configuration Manager 2007 R2 are pre-release documentation and are subject to change in future releases.]
Topic last updated -- November 2007
Client computers that run Windows Firewall might require exceptions to be defined to allow communications with Microsoft System Center Configuration Manager 2007 site systems. These exceptions vary depending on the features of Configuration Manager 2007 you intend to use.
The following sections list the features of Configuration Manager 2007 which require exceptions to be made on the Windows Firewall and provide a procedure for configuring these exceptions.
Modifying the Ports and Programs Permitted by Windows Firewall
To modify the ports and programs permitted by Windows Firewall:
1.
On the computer running Windows Firewall, open Control Panel.
2.
Right-click Windows Firewall and click Open.
3.
On the Exceptions tab of the Windows Firewall Settings dialog box, select enable any required exceptions in the list box, or Click Add Program or Add Port to create custom programs or ports
Programs and Ports Required by Configuration Manager 2007
The following Configuration Manager 2007 features require exceptions to be made on the Windows Firewall:
Queries
If you are running the Configuration Manager console on a computer running Windows Firewall, queries will fail the first time they are run.
After failing to run the first time, the operating system displays a dialog box asking if you want to unblock statview.exe. If you unblock statview.exe, future queries will run without errors. You can also manually add statview.exe to the list of programs and services on the Exceptions tab of the Windows Firewall prior to running a query.
Client Push Installation
In order to successfully use client push to install the Configuration Manager 2007 client, you must add the following as exceptions to the Windows Firewall:
* File and Printer Sharing
* Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI)
Client Requests
In order for client computers to communicate with Configuration Manager 2007 site systems, you must add the following as exceptions to the Windows Firewall:
TCP Port 80 (for HTTP communication)
TCP Port 443 (for HTTPS communication)
Important
These are default port numbers which can be changed in Configuration Manager 2007. For more information, see How to Configure Request Ports for the Configuration Manager Client. If these ports have been changed, you must also configure matching exceptions on the Windows Firewall.
Network Access Protection
In order for client computers to successfully communicate with the system health validator point, you need to allow the following ports:
* UDP 67 and UDP 68 for DHCP
* TCP 80/443 for IPSec
Remote Control
In order to use the remote tools features of Configuration Manager 2007, you need to allow the following ports:
* TCP port 2701
* TCP port 2702
Remote Assistance and Remote Desktop
To enable Remote Assistance to be initiated from the SMS Administrator console, add both the custom program helpsvc.exe and the custom port TCP 135 to the list of permitted programs and services in Windows Firewall on the client computer. Also, Windows Firewall must be configured to permit Remote Assistance and Remote Desktop. If a user initiates a request for Remote Assistance from that computer, Windows Firewall will automatically be configured to permit Remote Assistance and Remote Desktop.
Windows Event Viewer, Windows Performance Monitor and Windows Diagnostics
To enable Windows event viewer, Windows performance monitor and Windows diagnostics to be accessed from the Configuration Manager console, you must enable File and Printer Sharing as an exception on the Windows Firewall.
Firewall Settings for Configuration Manager Clients
[Topics referencing Configuration Manager 2007 R2 are pre-release documentation and are subject to change in future releases.]
Topic last updated -- November 2007
Client computers that run Windows Firewall might require exceptions to be defined to allow communications with Microsoft System Center Configuration Manager 2007 site systems. These exceptions vary depending on the features of Configuration Manager 2007 you intend to use.
The following sections list the features of Configuration Manager 2007 which require exceptions to be made on the Windows Firewall and provide a procedure for configuring these exceptions.
Modifying the Ports and Programs Permitted by Windows Firewall
To modify the ports and programs permitted by Windows Firewall:
1.
On the computer running Windows Firewall, open Control Panel.
2.
Right-click Windows Firewall and click Open.
3.
On the Exceptions tab of the Windows Firewall Settings dialog box, select enable any required exceptions in the list box, or Click Add Program or Add Port to create custom programs or ports
Programs and Ports Required by Configuration Manager 2007
The following Configuration Manager 2007 features require exceptions to be made on the Windows Firewall:
Queries
If you are running the Configuration Manager console on a computer running Windows Firewall, queries will fail the first time they are run.
After failing to run the first time, the operating system displays a dialog box asking if you want to unblock statview.exe. If you unblock statview.exe, future queries will run without errors. You can also manually add statview.exe to the list of programs and services on the Exceptions tab of the Windows Firewall prior to running a query.
Client Push Installation
In order to successfully use client push to install the Configuration Manager 2007 client, you must add the following as exceptions to the Windows Firewall:
* File and Printer Sharing
* Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI)
Client Requests
In order for client computers to communicate with Configuration Manager 2007 site systems, you must add the following as exceptions to the Windows Firewall:
TCP Port 80 (for HTTP communication)
TCP Port 443 (for HTTPS communication)
Important
These are default port numbers which can be changed in Configuration Manager 2007. For more information, see How to Configure Request Ports for the Configuration Manager Client. If these ports have been changed, you must also configure matching exceptions on the Windows Firewall.
Network Access Protection
In order for client computers to successfully communicate with the system health validator point, you need to allow the following ports:
* UDP 67 and UDP 68 for DHCP
* TCP 80/443 for IPSec
Remote Control
In order to use the remote tools features of Configuration Manager 2007, you need to allow the following ports:
* TCP port 2701
* TCP port 2702
Remote Assistance and Remote Desktop
To enable Remote Assistance to be initiated from the SMS Administrator console, add both the custom program helpsvc.exe and the custom port TCP 135 to the list of permitted programs and services in Windows Firewall on the client computer. Also, Windows Firewall must be configured to permit Remote Assistance and Remote Desktop. If a user initiates a request for Remote Assistance from that computer, Windows Firewall will automatically be configured to permit Remote Assistance and Remote Desktop.
Windows Event Viewer, Windows Performance Monitor and Windows Diagnostics
To enable Windows event viewer, Windows performance monitor and Windows diagnostics to be accessed from the Configuration Manager console, you must enable File and Printer Sharing as an exception on the Windows Firewall.
Sunday, August 10, 2008
Saturday, August 09, 2008
查看远程计算机机器名的命令 - System - Abner Kou
查看远程计算机机器名的命令 - System - Abner Kou: "一个很有用的命令
可以通过局域网的ip地址查看远程计算机的机器名和MAC地址，在处理ip地址冲突时，可以提供一个线索，通过计算机名或mac地址找到物理计算机。
使用如下：nbtstat -A ip adress
注意参数a是大写"
可以通过局域网的ip地址查看远程计算机的机器名和MAC地址，在处理ip地址冲突时，可以提供一个线索，通过计算机名或mac地址找到物理计算机。
使用如下：nbtstat -A ip adress
注意参数a是大写"
Friday, August 08, 2008
LDAP
The following formats are supported by Active Directory, and the format examples are based on the LDAP distinguished name of Jeff Smith:
* LDAP Uniform Resource Locator (URL). Active Directory supports access through the LDAP protocol from any LDAP-enabled client. LDAP URLs are used in scripting. An LDAP URL names the server that holds Active Directory and the attributed name of the object (the distinguished name), for example:
ldap://server1.proseware.com/cn=Jeff Smith,ou=promotions,ou=marketing,dc=noam,dc=proseware,dc=com
* Active Directory canonical name. By default, the user interface (UI) for certain Active Directory administrative tools displays object names as canonical names. When you view the properties of objects in Active Directory Users and Computers and Active Directory Sites and Services, the Object tab shows the canonical name of the selected object. The canonical name lists the relative distinguished names from the root downward, without the naming attribute descriptors, and it uses the Domain Name System (DNS) domain name, as follows:
noam.proseware.com/marketing/promotions/Jeff Smith
* LDAP Uniform Resource Locator (URL). Active Directory supports access through the LDAP protocol from any LDAP-enabled client. LDAP URLs are used in scripting. An LDAP URL names the server that holds Active Directory and the attributed name of the object (the distinguished name), for example:
ldap://server1.proseware.com/cn=Jeff Smith,ou=promotions,ou=marketing,dc=noam,dc=proseware,dc=com
* Active Directory canonical name. By default, the user interface (UI) for certain Active Directory administrative tools displays object names as canonical names. When you view the properties of objects in Active Directory Users and Computers and Active Directory Sites and Services, the Object tab shows the canonical name of the selected object. The canonical name lists the relative distinguished names from the root downward, without the naming attribute descriptors, and it uses the Domain Name System (DNS) domain name, as follows:
noam.proseware.com/marketing/promotions/Jeff Smith
Monday, August 04, 2008
Sunday, August 03, 2008
Saturday, July 26, 2008
My father
He was the man who gave me life. ( My mom also did :) )
Since I was a naive boy, he, as my first teachers, taught me about what is right and what is wrong. Though it occasionally happened in a simple way by using two tools - a stick and my butt, believe me, every times I learned this kind of lessons really soon at that time.
When I grow up, there are so many difficulties in the adults' world. Sometimes I was no idea, crazy and even lost my faith. Whenever I was in dilemma, He can gave me his helping hand and supporting like a senior friend.
Time always escaped smoothly. When I get more matured, He and my mom become aged. Though his health is not too bad so far as I know, It is ashamed for me to ask them sent money to me after he was in sick. So If I could I would like to spent all my time on trying my best to make our life better. BTW, those days I got somewhat progress in both work and study. Thanks guys helped and cared about us. When I at my 26, I found there is needless to wrong about life, I have confident about future, it should be brighter than I wish.
Sometime I was asked about my parents. What did they do. What kind of people they are. And my answer always simple - they are normal people. But in my deep, I appreciate what they brought me. It is my "one piece" - a irreplaceable FAMILY. I am very proud of them.
Since I was a naive boy, he, as my first teachers, taught me about what is right and what is wrong. Though it occasionally happened in a simple way by using two tools - a stick and my butt, believe me, every times I learned this kind of lessons really soon at that time.
When I grow up, there are so many difficulties in the adults' world. Sometimes I was no idea, crazy and even lost my faith. Whenever I was in dilemma, He can gave me his helping hand and supporting like a senior friend.
Time always escaped smoothly. When I get more matured, He and my mom become aged. Though his health is not too bad so far as I know, It is ashamed for me to ask them sent money to me after he was in sick. So If I could I would like to spent all my time on trying my best to make our life better. BTW, those days I got somewhat progress in both work and study. Thanks guys helped and cared about us. When I at my 26, I found there is needless to wrong about life, I have confident about future, it should be brighter than I wish.
Sometime I was asked about my parents. What did they do. What kind of people they are. And my answer always simple - they are normal people. But in my deep, I appreciate what they brought me. It is my "one piece" - a irreplaceable FAMILY. I am very proud of them.
Thursday, July 24, 2008
[转]如果我突然消失了
如果我突然消失了，你会不会无数次的点击我的空间，看看我留下的痕迹。
如果我突然消失了，你会不会每天开着QQ等我，当你看见好友上线时心中一阵紧张，以为是我。
如果我突然消失了，你会不会觉得其实你是想我的，其实你也很在乎我。
是不是我真的消失了，你才会发现身边有个我？
是不是我真的消失了，你才会想起来很想珍惜我？
是不是我真的消失了，你才会舍得给我一丝可怜？
是不是我真的消失了，你才会懂得什么是真正的爱？
看了lj主妇的blog，非常喜欢，虽然不一定Exactly适合我。但是还是抄过来了。Wish everyone happy and everything runs well.
Frank Han 7/24/2008 PST 9:02 pm
看了lj主妇的blog，非常喜欢，虽然不一定Exactly适合我。但是还是抄过来了。Wish everyone happy and everything runs well.
Frank Han 7/24/2008 PST 9:02 pm
Sunday, July 20, 2008
Thursday, July 17, 2008
Sunday, July 13, 2008
如何清洗及预防 谈谈节气门的维护问题_太平洋汽车网_保养维护
如何清洗及预防 谈谈节气门的维护问题_太平洋汽车网_保养维护
电动节气门的构成大致可分归为一下几个部分：节流阀、电磁驱动器、电位计、控制器(有的没有，直接由ecu管着、旁通阀（已不多用，拉线的到都有）。其故障特征分两类：硬故障和软故障。硬故障指机械损坏，软故障指脏污，失调等。
先说硬故障。
电位计的电阻部分是在聚酯基片上喷涂一层炭膜而成，这其实是一种很低级的制备工艺，耐磨度不高。说白了还不如我们平常加点的电位器！滑动触点由一排精钢 制的反爪构成，注意！是反爪！！！这简直就是雪上加霜！另外，炭膜上一点保护剂都不凃，脱落的炭粉导致接触不良，亮灯就不可避免了！曾经修过一个炭膜被刮 漏的，也就七万公里，那主儿脚也欠！
再说软故障。
大家经常被清洗节气门所困扰，原因是大部分时间节气门开度过低。空气以很高的速度（几十～几百米/秒）流过节气门缝隙，逐渐积累的灰尘对空气流量产生的影响超过了节气门的调节能力（怠速时的。
可能是因为早期的制造商还没想清楚，99欧车的节流阀设计的很好，通电后有一个初始化动作。阀板未加电前处于四度的开度，加电后翻到零度（全闭合）十秒再返回，完成初始化。我这么一说，大家就明白了吧？所以，我那99欧车从来没为打冷战洗过节气门，幸福啊!
不过，那片小小的电阻片(也就毛儿来钱事儿吧!)最终可能还得让我掏四千来大米（据说降价了）！
这个节气门如果让我来设计：一个无触点电位计，节流阀用滑片孔板式（看过照相机的光圈调节器吧!），来回一动有设什么都给刮走了！三五十万公里没问题，看4S,JS们黑谁去！
现在重点说说清洗节气门的相关知识
拆~洗~装~
简单~力气活~没技术含量~~不说了~
说1说洗完以后的电脑匹配：
工具：笔记本电脑，VAG-COM线，VAS5051B软件~
前提：水温高于85度，打开钥匙门，灭车状态，脚丫子不要碰油门踏板。
一、5V车（CT GT GTX AT等车型）
第一步，拆洗节气门
第二步，用VAG-COM线连接汽车与笔记本电脑
第三步，选择“01发动机电器”
第四步，选择“02故障查询”
第五步，选择“05清除故障码”
第六步，选择“返回其他功能”回到“发动机电器”主页面
第七步，选择“04基本设定”在组号中输入“098”，点“GO”
完成后，电脑会有相应的文字提示。
OVER~
二、2V车（CI CIX GIX ATI GIF CIF等车型）
前六步同5V车。
第七步：选择“10匹配调整”
第八步：在“通道号码”格中输入“00”先选择“读取原数值”，再选择“测试新数值”电脑提示测试成功后，选择“保存匹配数据”回到“发动机电器”主页面。
第九步：选择“04基本设定”在组号中输入“060”，点“GO”
完成后，电脑会有相应的文字提示。
OVER~
做完匹配后~着车~用VAG-COM查看节气门开度~若大于5度~说明没洗干净~小于2度说明节气门有毛病了~
提示：拆洗节气门相当费力，如果不是熟练的工人，很难把节气门拆下来。甚至，有把进气大塑料管捭坏，或者把节气门洗坏的可能。
建议动手能力不强的DX~不要轻易尝试~呵呵~到CTO那里洗液没几个钱~哈~
节气门油泥的形成：
1、脏的进气~灰尘~
2、从机油蒸汽回收管收集的曲轴箱窜气和机油蒸汽~
怠速~或者节气门开度小的时候~节气门门缝气流的流速是很快的~而且由于气流流动速度快~造成温度相对低~
上边说的两个东西的混合物~很粘稠~在门缝~遇冷凝结~就形成了图上的油泥~
油泥多了~进气会产生涡流~产生气阻~
节气门脏~会造成怠速不稳~低速油门不听话~不好着车~等症状~
严重的~会产生电脑报错~没有怠速等后果~如果是电子节气门的车~节气门故障~这车就别想动了哈~
所以~当节气门脏到一定程度~就要清洗~但是~老洗也不好~清洗液渗到节气门里边的电机或者其他电子元件里~容易造成节气门的损坏~
有的车~例如FK~夏历~是靠带速旁通阀控制怠速的~道理和上边差不多~脏了也得洗。
最后说下如何预防节气门脏~
1、用合适的机油~夏天~一定要用15W40以上标号的机油~避免产生过多的机油蒸汽。
2、尽量少怠速呆着~怠速时候曲轴箱窜气最多了~
3、安装机油冷却装置~减少机油蒸汽的产生~
4、安装机油透气壶~把曲轴箱窜气回收起来~防止它进入节气门~
5、不要使用劣质的“大流量”风格或者“冬菇”~空气过滤装置要勤换勤洗~
这里提1句：原厂的纸制空气滤芯~只能换~不能洗~更不能拿气泵吹！
独家作业。用奥特佳最新型号完美替换牡丹江V50压缩机 - 爱我中华尊驰车友会 - XCAR 爱卡汽车俱乐部
独家作业。用奥特佳最新型号完美替换牡丹江V50压缩机 - 爱我中华尊驰车友会 - XCAR 爱卡汽车俱乐部: "不用洗了。"
独家作业。用奥特佳最新型号完美替换牡丹江V50压缩机
独家作业。用奥特佳最新型号完美替换牡丹江V50压缩机独家作业。用奥特佳最新型号完美替换牡丹江V50压缩机
注：厂方内部是不允许拍照的，我只能拍拍部分我车上的照片
独家作业。用奥特佳最新型号完美替换牡丹江V50压缩机
去奥特佳厂里面换的，南京车友的优势哇，哈哈
先站坑，慢慢写。图片晚上才能上来
---------------------------------
事情经过很巧。
周末压缩机实在吵的难受。南京的4S又想黑我钱，放点制冷剂要200(具体哪个不说了，了解的都知道)。于是问4S换南京奥特佳多少钱，告诉我2000不到。
我想好啊~~干脆冒个险。。
但是转念一想不对。换电装的也不过2000多块钱。黑我啊。。。
又不是厂家在东北，联系不上，就在南京大明路嘛，我们的地盘嘛。直接电话到厂家销售部。
销售部的小mm态度不要太好，立马给了我总代理的电话。可是总代说支架他们不一定有，要问厂家还有库存。
于是电话又回去。销售部的mm很热情，得知我是中华车后，提出一个解决方案：
他们已经研制出一款跟牡丹江V5完全通用的涡旋式压缩机，只要换上就行了。而且已经试验过部分车子。想让我试试看。
我那个高兴啊！！！不用换支架了！！只要换个压缩机就行了！！！
另外：南京奥特佳的压缩机是可变排量的，有国家专利的。不是固定排量的。质量不用担心。效果好不好等我用了就知道.
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昨晚兴奋的一夜没睡好。早上一大早就往大明路出发了。结果堵的一塌糊涂。本来15分钟就到的路走了40多分钟~~~。哎，城市的交通哇。。。南京的交通哇~~~~(南京靠一个长江大桥支撑了快60年，你说强不强，马上又要造桥了。结果桥在镇江，算镇江二桥了)
进入厂区办手续。提货。
看新的压缩机
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screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/images/old/attachimg.gif');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">
screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/images/attachicons/image.gif');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0"> 点击查看原图 (68.4 KB)
08-05-14 22:52
screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/attachment.php?aid=11110248&noupdate=yes');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="Click here to open new window CTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out" border="0" width="793"> screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/images/old/attachimg.gif');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">
screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/images/attachicons/image.gif');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0"> 点击查看原图 (84.73 KB)
08-05-14 22:55
这是新型号，叫WXH-106-Q2。据介绍，这是厂家根据大量的反馈和某些汽车厂(自己看是哪家吧)售后的意见专门开发出来的。据说上海牡丹江压缩机的中华几乎都卖不动了。
然后开到奥特佳厂环境实验室的边上的空地开始拆卸。
拆卸过程就不多说了。反正不复杂。不用上升降机。只要上上螺丝就行了
这是旧压缩机在车子内部的照片，注意红色部分是消声器，据厂方人说骏捷就没看到，我是尊驰。
screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/attachment.php?aid=11110301&noupdate=yes');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="Click here to open new window CTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out" border="0" width="793"> screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/images/old/attachimg.gif');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0">
screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/images/attachicons/image.gif');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0"> 点击查看原图 (105.64 KB)
08-05-14 23:01
看拆下来的压缩机，牡丹江的V50，制冷不错，就是噪音，而且动力损失很厉害。
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screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onmouseover="if(this.width>screen.width*0.62) {this.resized=true; this.width=screen.width*0.62; this.style.cursor='hand'; this.alt='Click here to open new window\nCTRL+Mouse wheel to zoom in/out';}" onclick="if(!this.resized) {return true;} else {window.open('http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/images/attachicons/image.gif');}" onmousewheel="return imgzoom(this);" alt="" border="0"> 点击查看原图 (126.71 KB)
08-05-14 23:02
最后装好加冷媒。这里要提醒大家注意了。加冷媒很重要，一定要抽真空抽足够的时间，起码20分钟。然后保持住几分钟看看压力有没有变化。
加冷媒的时候要用高精度电子秤的，秤够500G以后启动压缩机看压力，进行调整。
全部完工走人。说说效果。因为南京今天气温不是很高，所以只能说个大概，只有等下面几天气温升高了再看。
首先怠速时候制冷肯定是不如牡丹江那麽快那么冷的。这跟涡旋压缩机本身的设计有关系。确实是转速越高效果越好。
但是谁会一直怠速等着呢。肯定要开的。而且说不如牡丹江那么冷也是相比较而言，还是蛮凉的。
其次真的在路上开起来真是冷气十足。现在还不够热，所以我冻的吃不消(为了试验空调所以不管了)。
另外关于声音：在室外你启动压缩机根本听不出来，车子也不抖。只听见继电器的咔咔声音。
动力：启动时候根本感觉不到车子抖，转速表几乎没任何变化。
真正的效果等我这几天看看到底如何。
最后评价下牡丹江和奥特佳的、
牡丹江肯定是制冷没的说，他不管什么状态下都能很好的制冷。奥特佳肯定是怠速制冷效果不如行驶中，但也很不错了，据厂方说是"膨胀阀影响的，可以调的怠速也很好，只是需要大量数据来调整"。
对车子动力影响牡丹江是真的吃不消，奥特佳基本没影响，如果说有影响，我估计十有八九是安装问题吧。
噪音：除非在室内停车场能听到压缩机启动，否则在室外根本没感觉。
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
最后说说外地车友安装办法。最好集体团购。
2个办法：一种是直接找厂家买(不太可能，厂家不能不顾当地代理的利益)
第二就是找当地代理商订货，价格我不太清楚，因为给我的价格是厂方内部的价格.估计大家外面拿货应该在900多,1000左右的样子。
只要买压缩机就行了。其他的什么都不用买，直接拿到修理厂替换就行了。
BTW一个细节：装好以后奥特佳的严经理(客户质量)，专门把我换下的螺丝量了下。告诉我他们当时做的时候一个垫脚高度跟牡丹江有点小区别，所以我装的时候得用他们带的螺丝。下面准备改成一模一样，100%替换牡丹江的V50.
最后我建议大家，要想追求100%效果，那就去买电装的，全部下来2000多。我反正觉得奥特佳已经足够好了，1000左右就能搞完多好。
如果想换的TX等我用用以后后再定，请你们耐心些。这是对大家的负责~~~
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2008年5月15早上：今早上班开始还很凉快，没开空调。半路就吃不消了，开了。结果感觉怠速情况下也很舒服。制冷效果真的不错呢
噪音是一点都没！！！动力损失在我的尊驰2.0MT根本看不出来，启动空调后车子抖都不抖！！！
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2008年5月15晚上：南京开始有点热了。打空调，很爽。动力损失感觉不到。现在唯一就是在晚上车少安静的马路上开空调时候能听见咚一声电子风扇启动的声音。说实话我想换风扇了.....不知道多少钱
其实这个压缩机好不好看销量就知道了。奥特佳去年60W台。今年估计破百万。很多厂家都开始采用他们的了。什么海马，比亚迪，奇瑞，吉利，等等。华晨也开 始采用，并且用奥特佳的压缩机的卖的很好，而牡丹江的大量滞销。我感觉这个压缩机性能比进口高档的电装的很接近了。可能没100%也有90%的性能了，价 格才人家的一半。
大家看看这些论坛还有骂奥特佳压缩机的，卖了多少W了，我是没找到骂的。
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2008年5月16日早上：早上南京的气温太舒服了。没开空调，不好意思，(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……
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2008年5月16日晚上：南京气温开始热了，几乎一路空调，感觉油耗跟没开差不多，动力依然差不多，也许是我是2.0的功率大，感觉不到。不知道各位TX 1.8的能感觉到动力损失吗？反正我打的25度，不敢太低，怕冷，效果依然不错。
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2008-6-6傍晚。今天去外面找了个修理厂打进去了空调增效剂，果然明显！！制冷速度更快了。开起来最低到了3.9了，哇哈哈哈
强烈建议各位换了压缩机，然后加上增效剂，增效剂60块钱一瓶。叫做什么惠仕的，其他的不多说了，免的以为我再做广告
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跟大家总结下空调压缩机问题终结解决办法和注意事项，欢迎各位补充：
解决办法很简单，就是换南京奥特佳的压缩机，型号是 WHX-106-Q2，没必要换什么电装，还是二手的，还要改这个改那个。奥特佳的已经是完美的跟牡丹江V50一样的机架和尺寸了。
可以参考 hellfire0513 的帖子 http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=7719801&extra=page%3D1
解决流程：
1.联系当地经销/代理商,如果没有就找你最近的。具体经销商可以上奥特佳网站(不写了，省的以为我来做广告的)，或者电话：025-52602200，找殷婕MM.或者025-52602600转销售二部找殷婕mm,其实找其他人也可以。
2.价格大约800-900左右。具体多少看各位本事，等下请已经安装的TX告诉我下你们的价格，我来看看是不是全国统一的价格，因为这个得谨慎，怕伤害经销商和厂家的利益的。
3.安装：请找你们当地专业--一定得是专业的汽车空调维修的厂家/商家来进行安装，强烈不建议4S做，从全国范围看4S的技术实在。。。。。
4.效果不好请一定找你安装的原因，因为现在来看效果很不错，绝对跟电装的一拼。
安装注意事项-非常重要：
1.一定要专业人士和商家来操作。
2.制冷剂(冷媒)的加注量很重要，一定要商家用电子秤来进行称量。我安装的时候电子秤可是1G都不差。
加入量分500G和750G两种，因为现在看来尊驰的空调系统有区别。可能是自是750G,手是500g,反正看你车子冷媒管上面贴的加注量为准。
3.冷媒的选用：我们都是R134A的，没什么可说的。用厂家提供的就可以了（我在奥特佳厂加的，可没他们那么漂亮的罐子，我的是一个大大的煤气包嘿 嘿）。如果你那里没有，请一定要选用名牌，比如 金冷的冷媒(雪种)。请大家一定要注意，冷媒假冒的很多，请一定要选正品的，大约在30左右一小罐300G的。如果10多块钱的，建议别买了，很可能是假 的，F12冒充的。如果是假的效果会很差，还可能伤害管路和压缩机。
4.一定要先把老的冷媒排放干净，有条件的可以清洗下管路。我强烈建议各位最后加装空调增效剂。上海惠仕的，联系方式请找他们网站，价格是60一罐，要 For R134A的。汇款过去，发圆通快递到付。他的功效是情节管路，增加润滑，降低高低压口的压力。我加装了以后效果明显，降温速度更快了。最低温度终于突破 4.2度极限，达到了3.9度。
当然如果你是1年都不到的车子，那么加空调增效剂效果不会明显的，我们1年半以上的车子加了效果不错，管路也不用洗了。
5。干燥瓶，如果你是2年以上的车子，建议在加制冷剂之前换了。如果才1年左右没必要换。加个空调增效剂就行了。
6、加制冷剂之前一定要先抽真空，抽他15分钟以上，最好半小时才好。真空泵的能力一定要够。
7.抽完真空要保持住3-5分钟，看压力有没有明显下降。如果下降说明接头或者管路有问题(管路问题可能性小，一般都是接头，修理工都会搞)
8.加注的时候先把冷媒罐放在电子秤再加，一定要按标准量加入。加入完以后再根据压力表进行调整。加入量这方面专业修理厂都会控制的。
9.如果你用了空调增效剂，那么在加完以后先开会，看看是否有效果了，制冷了再加增效剂。加完增效剂以后，一定要踩油门到1500转保持住5-10分钟。或者开开，等个1-2小时作用就会出来的。
好了就说这么多了，希望大家早日脱离苦海，哈哈
独家作业。用奥特佳最新型号完美替换牡丹江V50压缩机
独家作业。用奥特佳最新型号完美替换牡丹江V50压缩机独家作业。用奥特佳最新型号完美替换牡丹江V50压缩机
注：厂方内部是不允许拍照的，我只能拍拍部分我车上的照片
独家作业。用奥特佳最新型号完美替换牡丹江V50压缩机
去奥特佳厂里面换的，南京车友的优势哇，哈哈
先站坑，慢慢写。图片晚上才能上来
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事情经过很巧。
周末压缩机实在吵的难受。南京的4S又想黑我钱，放点制冷剂要200(具体哪个不说了，了解的都知道)。于是问4S换南京奥特佳多少钱，告诉我2000不到。
我想好啊~~干脆冒个险。。
但是转念一想不对。换电装的也不过2000多块钱。黑我啊。。。
又不是厂家在东北，联系不上，就在南京大明路嘛，我们的地盘嘛。直接电话到厂家销售部。
销售部的小mm态度不要太好，立马给了我总代理的电话。可是总代说支架他们不一定有，要问厂家还有库存。
于是电话又回去。销售部的mm很热情，得知我是中华车后，提出一个解决方案：
他们已经研制出一款跟牡丹江V5完全通用的涡旋式压缩机，只要换上就行了。而且已经试验过部分车子。想让我试试看。
我那个高兴啊！！！不用换支架了！！只要换个压缩机就行了！！！
另外：南京奥特佳的压缩机是可变排量的，有国家专利的。不是固定排量的。质量不用担心。效果好不好等我用了就知道.
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昨晚兴奋的一夜没睡好。早上一大早就往大明路出发了。结果堵的一塌糊涂。本来15分钟就到的路走了40多分钟~~~。哎，城市的交通哇。。。南京的交通哇~~~~(南京靠一个长江大桥支撑了快60年，你说强不强，马上又要造桥了。结果桥在镇江，算镇江二桥了)
进入厂区办手续。提货。
看新的压缩机
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这是新型号，叫WXH-106-Q2。据介绍，这是厂家根据大量的反馈和某些汽车厂(自己看是哪家吧)售后的意见专门开发出来的。据说上海牡丹江压缩机的中华几乎都卖不动了。
然后开到奥特佳厂环境实验室的边上的空地开始拆卸。
拆卸过程就不多说了。反正不复杂。不用上升降机。只要上上螺丝就行了
这是旧压缩机在车子内部的照片，注意红色部分是消声器，据厂方人说骏捷就没看到，我是尊驰。
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看拆下来的压缩机，牡丹江的V50，制冷不错，就是噪音，而且动力损失很厉害。
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最后装好加冷媒。这里要提醒大家注意了。加冷媒很重要，一定要抽真空抽足够的时间，起码20分钟。然后保持住几分钟看看压力有没有变化。
加冷媒的时候要用高精度电子秤的，秤够500G以后启动压缩机看压力，进行调整。
全部完工走人。说说效果。因为南京今天气温不是很高，所以只能说个大概，只有等下面几天气温升高了再看。
首先怠速时候制冷肯定是不如牡丹江那麽快那么冷的。这跟涡旋压缩机本身的设计有关系。确实是转速越高效果越好。
但是谁会一直怠速等着呢。肯定要开的。而且说不如牡丹江那么冷也是相比较而言，还是蛮凉的。
其次真的在路上开起来真是冷气十足。现在还不够热，所以我冻的吃不消(为了试验空调所以不管了)。
另外关于声音：在室外你启动压缩机根本听不出来，车子也不抖。只听见继电器的咔咔声音。
动力：启动时候根本感觉不到车子抖，转速表几乎没任何变化。
真正的效果等我这几天看看到底如何。
最后评价下牡丹江和奥特佳的、
牡丹江肯定是制冷没的说，他不管什么状态下都能很好的制冷。奥特佳肯定是怠速制冷效果不如行驶中，但也很不错了，据厂方说是"膨胀阀影响的，可以调的怠速也很好，只是需要大量数据来调整"。
对车子动力影响牡丹江是真的吃不消，奥特佳基本没影响，如果说有影响，我估计十有八九是安装问题吧。
噪音：除非在室内停车场能听到压缩机启动，否则在室外根本没感觉。
。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。
最后说说外地车友安装办法。最好集体团购。
2个办法：一种是直接找厂家买(不太可能，厂家不能不顾当地代理的利益)
第二就是找当地代理商订货，价格我不太清楚，因为给我的价格是厂方内部的价格.估计大家外面拿货应该在900多,1000左右的样子。
只要买压缩机就行了。其他的什么都不用买，直接拿到修理厂替换就行了。
BTW一个细节：装好以后奥特佳的严经理(客户质量)，专门把我换下的螺丝量了下。告诉我他们当时做的时候一个垫脚高度跟牡丹江有点小区别，所以我装的时候得用他们带的螺丝。下面准备改成一模一样，100%替换牡丹江的V50.
最后我建议大家，要想追求100%效果，那就去买电装的，全部下来2000多。我反正觉得奥特佳已经足够好了，1000左右就能搞完多好。
如果想换的TX等我用用以后后再定，请你们耐心些。这是对大家的负责~~~
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2008年5月15早上：今早上班开始还很凉快，没开空调。半路就吃不消了，开了。结果感觉怠速情况下也很舒服。制冷效果真的不错呢
噪音是一点都没！！！动力损失在我的尊驰2.0MT根本看不出来，启动空调后车子抖都不抖！！！
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2008年5月15晚上：南京开始有点热了。打空调，很爽。动力损失感觉不到。现在唯一就是在晚上车少安静的马路上开空调时候能听见咚一声电子风扇启动的声音。说实话我想换风扇了.....不知道多少钱
其实这个压缩机好不好看销量就知道了。奥特佳去年60W台。今年估计破百万。很多厂家都开始采用他们的了。什么海马，比亚迪，奇瑞，吉利，等等。华晨也开 始采用，并且用奥特佳的压缩机的卖的很好，而牡丹江的大量滞销。我感觉这个压缩机性能比进口高档的电装的很接近了。可能没100%也有90%的性能了，价 格才人家的一半。
大家看看这些论坛还有骂奥特佳压缩机的，卖了多少W了，我是没找到骂的。
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2008年5月16日早上：早上南京的气温太舒服了。没开空调，不好意思，(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……
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2008年5月16日晚上：南京气温开始热了，几乎一路空调，感觉油耗跟没开差不多，动力依然差不多，也许是我是2.0的功率大，感觉不到。不知道各位TX 1.8的能感觉到动力损失吗？反正我打的25度，不敢太低，怕冷，效果依然不错。
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2008-6-6傍晚。今天去外面找了个修理厂打进去了空调增效剂，果然明显！！制冷速度更快了。开起来最低到了3.9了，哇哈哈哈
强烈建议各位换了压缩机，然后加上增效剂，增效剂60块钱一瓶。叫做什么惠仕的，其他的不多说了，免的以为我再做广告
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跟大家总结下空调压缩机问题终结解决办法和注意事项，欢迎各位补充：
解决办法很简单，就是换南京奥特佳的压缩机，型号是 WHX-106-Q2，没必要换什么电装，还是二手的，还要改这个改那个。奥特佳的已经是完美的跟牡丹江V50一样的机架和尺寸了。
可以参考 hellfire0513 的帖子 http://www.xcar.com.cn/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=7719801&extra=page%3D1
解决流程：
1.联系当地经销/代理商,如果没有就找你最近的。具体经销商可以上奥特佳网站(不写了，省的以为我来做广告的)，或者电话：025-52602200，找殷婕MM.或者025-52602600转销售二部找殷婕mm,其实找其他人也可以。
2.价格大约800-900左右。具体多少看各位本事，等下请已经安装的TX告诉我下你们的价格，我来看看是不是全国统一的价格，因为这个得谨慎，怕伤害经销商和厂家的利益的。
3.安装：请找你们当地专业--一定得是专业的汽车空调维修的厂家/商家来进行安装，强烈不建议4S做，从全国范围看4S的技术实在。。。。。
4.效果不好请一定找你安装的原因，因为现在来看效果很不错，绝对跟电装的一拼。
安装注意事项-非常重要：
1.一定要专业人士和商家来操作。
2.制冷剂(冷媒)的加注量很重要，一定要商家用电子秤来进行称量。我安装的时候电子秤可是1G都不差。
加入量分500G和750G两种，因为现在看来尊驰的空调系统有区别。可能是自是750G,手是500g,反正看你车子冷媒管上面贴的加注量为准。
3.冷媒的选用：我们都是R134A的，没什么可说的。用厂家提供的就可以了（我在奥特佳厂加的，可没他们那么漂亮的罐子，我的是一个大大的煤气包嘿 嘿）。如果你那里没有，请一定要选用名牌，比如 金冷的冷媒(雪种)。请大家一定要注意，冷媒假冒的很多，请一定要选正品的，大约在30左右一小罐300G的。如果10多块钱的，建议别买了，很可能是假 的，F12冒充的。如果是假的效果会很差，还可能伤害管路和压缩机。
4.一定要先把老的冷媒排放干净，有条件的可以清洗下管路。我强烈建议各位最后加装空调增效剂。上海惠仕的，联系方式请找他们网站，价格是60一罐，要 For R134A的。汇款过去，发圆通快递到付。他的功效是情节管路，增加润滑，降低高低压口的压力。我加装了以后效果明显，降温速度更快了。最低温度终于突破 4.2度极限，达到了3.9度。
当然如果你是1年都不到的车子，那么加空调增效剂效果不会明显的，我们1年半以上的车子加了效果不错，管路也不用洗了。
5。干燥瓶，如果你是2年以上的车子，建议在加制冷剂之前换了。如果才1年左右没必要换。加个空调增效剂就行了。
6、加制冷剂之前一定要先抽真空，抽他15分钟以上，最好半小时才好。真空泵的能力一定要够。
7.抽完真空要保持住3-5分钟，看压力有没有明显下降。如果下降说明接头或者管路有问题(管路问题可能性小，一般都是接头，修理工都会搞)
8.加注的时候先把冷媒罐放在电子秤再加，一定要按标准量加入。加入完以后再根据压力表进行调整。加入量这方面专业修理厂都会控制的。
9.如果你用了空调增效剂，那么在加完以后先开会，看看是否有效果了，制冷了再加增效剂。加完增效剂以后，一定要踩油门到1500转保持住5-10分钟。或者开开，等个1-2小时作用就会出来的。
好了就说这么多了，希望大家早日脱离苦海，哈哈
Honda-Tech.com: Honda Civic/Del Sol (1992 - 2000): [FAQ] How-To: Charge your A/C air conditioner conditioning system at home
Honda-Tech.com: Honda Civic/Del Sol (1992 - 2000): [FAQ] How-To: Charge your A/C air conditioner conditioning system at home
After reading the threads posted here, I am sick to my stomach with all the false information. I will correct a few things.
After reading the threads posted here, I am sick to my stomach with all the false information. I will correct a few things.
***BUT BEFORE I CONTINUE***
I would like it to be known that my goal for this thread is to ANSWER EVERY POSSIBLE QUESTION ABOUT A/C REPAIRS for automobiles. This is going to be the all knowing, famous referrance for repair. So ask away! And I will do my best to answer or direct you to the answer.
On with the article...
From 1994-present, all a/c is r134a. 1993 and below is all r12. However, apparently SOME 1993 are r134a, according to feedback from some users.
I will explain to you IN DETAIL exactly how the air conditioning system works. Just keep reading on below.
If you need to vacuum your system out, GO TO AUTOZONE and rent a professional grade vacuum pump. They charge $200 up front. When you return it, you get ever dime back. Free rental service.
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****UPDATE****
Due to the high volume of people complaining of how autozones near them dont rent vacuum pumps, I have decided to do our country a favor and rent out a vaccuum pump for a deposit plus 20 dollars. By the way, here is the part number for the vacuum pump at autozone....#90062 - This is the correct number not what I had listed before.
So what am I saying? I am saying that if you can't find a vacuum pump and you need one, I will go down to autozone myself and rent it. Then, you send me the deposit I pay ($213.00) plus shipping and $25. Yes, its a lot of money upfront. Yes, you will pay for shipping there and back, and I will make $25 off it. So you can expect to get a vacuum pump for anywhere between $35-$45 net cost. When you return the pump, you get the $213 deposit back. That equals $248-$258 approximate UPFRONT costs.
So, is it worth it to you? I don't know, But I am making it an option. Email, or PM me to take me up on this.
DOUBLE BONUS!...
Well not really, but it sounds cool. What I'm saying is I have ANOTHER handy tool for rent! I just bought a professional grade ELECTRONIC LEAK DETECTOR by Bacharach...the TRU POINTE. This sweet ass device can detect a leak AS SMALL AS 0.1oz PER YEAR! Thats not a typo, 0.1 oz per year! Let me put this into perspective for you. An average size honda a/c system holds 22oz. That means a leak that small would take TWO HUNDRED TWENTY YEARS (220 years!) before the leak completely depleted the system. Meaning, if you have a leak, this will find it, GUARANTEED. You can view the specifications here:
http://www.bacharach-inc.com/tru_pointe.htm
Why do I say this with such enthusiasm...well one because I am a salesman and Im getting you hyped so you will rent it from me, and TWO...because it really works. I was able to find my leaks that were otherwise invisble to the UV dye I had previously tried. I had a couple leak points...my drier connections (didnt put the [freak]in o-rings in, now i wasted a whole batch of precious r12) and my nipples. Um, the a/c line nipples.
So, I am willing to rent this out, once again, for my cost ($150) plus shipping ($10) and a fee of $40. Why more? because find somewhere else where you can get PROFESSIONAL GRADE leak detection, that you KNOW is gonna be done right, for less than that. I already know the answer. You won't find it. Otherwise I would have done it myself. And let me tell you, I am smart shopper.
Recap, you pay $200 upfront, and you get back $150, and $40 of that original $200 goes into my pocket, for providing you this convenience.
PM or Email me through Honda-Tech's System if you are interested in this.
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If you have an r134a system, you can recharge it yourself. If you have access to r12, you can also, although you can not buy it at the stores. You need an EPA handling liscence to buy it legally, although if you are smart you can get a hold of it.
Proof that r12 owns. This is my vent temp while ambient outside air is 100 degrees. 49 degrees vent temp at an parked idle. It will get down to 40 when driving and it is 95 degrees or less. Sick.
My lucky bottles of r12.
WHILE YOU ARE AT AUTOZONE, buy a "gauge manifold set" which looks like 3 hoses, red yellow and blue, and 2 gauges. Get the $70 or whatever is more expensive, because the cheap one doesnt have as many readings on the gauge. Buy the can tap and referigerant while you are there, or buy the can that already has the hose attatched to it.
I would like to mention to never buy the kind that has "stop leak" added. Only refrigerant, the proper oil, and UV dye is safe in your a/c system, regardless of what any advertising says.
Now there is really only 4 main things that are likely wrong with your system.
1. Moisture/air/low freon in the system. You can check this easily by looking at your receiver-drier. Look at the site glass on top of the drier. You will probably need to wipe it off to see through it. Now, if you see a million little bubbles, or a couple fat bubbles, then you obviously have either air in your line or you are low on freon. Check your pressure before topping off with freon. You do not want to overcharge. The safest way is to just drain the entire system and start from scratch, considering how cheap refrigerant is...where as if you overcharge and blow your compressor, thats gonna cost you $100 for a used on and several hundred for a new one, along with a new receiver/drier, new TXV/orifice tube, and if you are really unlucky, evaporator and condensor. Thats over $650 right there. Aparantly some AC systems don't have a site glass on the drier, so the only way to check is to check your low and high side pressures. Below 30psi LOW and 150psi HIGH is undercharged.
2. Your thermal expansion valve or TXV is not properly functioning. If debris got in your line, it can clog the valve, or it may just stop working. This is a $33 dollar autozone item you can replace while the system is open. When you open the system, you will also need to replace the receiver drier, because it absorbs moisture and will become saturated one you open the lines, making it useless. That is another $30 dollar item. Not to say that it instantly will absorb all moisture and become useless, however after if it is more than 2 years old you should replace it anyway, or if the drier was exposed to air for more than a day. Now if you suspect a leak in the line, you should hold off on replacing the drier until you fix the leak, unless you want to buy another drier while you open the line up and fix the leak.
If debris is caught somewhere in the line, it will cause premature expansion of the refrigerant. You will be able to tell this by checking the hot line for an immediate cold spot. Thats where the debris is located which needs to be flush out. When flushing you line, you CAN NOT flush through the compressor or thermal expansion valve. Most of the time flushing through the condensor will not clear the debris because it will just flow right past it.
3. Your compressor is bad. Unlikely though. If your pressure stays stable while the a/c is on and the pressure is within 25-50 cold side and 150-200 high side, normally that means its good. If the clutch spins with no grinding then that is a good sign.
4. You have a leak in your line and the system will not hold a charge. FIRST AND FORMOST, replace the valve cores on the high and low side nipples. I just found out last night I had a FAT leak in my valve core, and it turns out that was my only leak. If your system is already low or empty, you might as well replace them anyway and save money and a headache later. They cost $4 for a repair kit at autozone. It says its for r134a however it will work on r12 lines, even bycicles nipples.
So to recap what you will need to recharge your system:
1. Rent a vacuum pump from autozone.
2. Buy a gauge manifold set from autozone, 3 hoses with 2 gauges attached. Return them when done.
3. Buy saftey gogles. Protect your vision always.
4. If you have a leak, buy the valve core (high pressure and low pressure nipple) repair kit.
5. Buy refrigerant at autozone. Do not buy the kind with stop leak added, only regular or UV added kind.
6. Drain your lines of refrigerant. It is illegal to vent into the atmosphere, so use your common sense.
7. Attach the gauge manifold set to your high and low pressure nipples. Attach the vacuum pump to the middle (yellow) line. Open both the high and low side lines. Run the vacuum pump for 30 mins MINIMUM up to one full hour. If the compressor sounds like its seriously about to break, you can shut it off sooner, BUT NO SHORTER THAN 30 MINUTES. (A weak compressor may not have the power required to suck perfect vacuum, and will stress the motor.) Some may say less, but I say why risk under pumping when you can just let it sit a little longer.
In the first picture, you will side a r12 High Side adapter. Not all a/c systems will require this. Some r12 systems will have the proper fittings already installed. If you have r134a, then you would simply screw on the adapter pieces onto the gauge manifold.
WHY YOU MUST PULL A DEEP VACUUM
FIRST, I will explain to you exactly how an a/c system works. The compressor will be the start of the process. So, the compressor first compresses AMBIENT TEMPERATURE low pressure vaporized (gas) refrigerant. (and this initial gas starts out at AMBIENT TEMPERATURE [ambient = surrounding temperature] simply due to natural tendeance for heat to balance itself among two platforms when the a/c has been turned off for a while. This low pressure gas will become a cool low pressure gas after it makes a few cycles through the system, thus the reason why your a/c blows colder over time.)
Once compressed it becomes a hot high pressure gas. Then this gas travels to the condensor and is cooled off (condensed) to a hot high pressure liquid. This was the first "phase change". It requires a LOT of energy for a substance to change phases. So when it condenses into a liquid, a LOT of heat is released.
The liquid refrigereant then travels to the drier to filter oil dirt and moisture, then to the Thermal Expansion Valve and becomes a cold low pressure liquid which causes it to absorb some heat.(Depending on the make of the car, it may use an orifice tube instead of a TXV, which does essentially the same thing. If it was equiped with an orifice tube then rather than passing through a drier previously, it would go straight to the orifce tube then to an accumulator after the evaporator which serves as a dirt and liquid filter to prevent liquid refrigerant from traveling to the compressor and potentially locking it up.)
Now that its a cold low pressure liquid the boiling point has been reduced significantly. It now travels through the evaporator which is where it absorbs its heat from and is also where the second phase change occurs. When the refrigerant reaches its boiling point halfway through the evaporator, it requires A LOT of heat for this phase change to occur. Thus the absorbtion of the heat from the surrounding air making it cold, and is then blown at your face as conditioned air! Now that the refrigerant has absorbed a LOT of heat, its a cool low pressure GAS and heads back to the compressor and repeats the whole cycle!
Now....Air in the system can lead to higher than desired pressures in the a/c lines, which could falsly activate the high pressure cut off switch and turn off the compressor when in reality your compressor hasnt been running long enough to cool you down at all! Air-Air is also a VERY poor heat transfer platform. So when it reachers the evaporator, its just wasting space and doesnt actually remove any heat. However, Air-Liquid is a GREAT heat transfer platform, hense why your radiator has LIQUID flowing through it, and same with your evaporator and same with your condensor. So this is ONE reason why we pull a deep vacuum.
Moisture in the system can form corrosive acids when mixed with refrigerant or oil which will tear up your a/c system over time. It can also freeze and cause a block in the line considering its freezing point is MUCH higher than that of refrigerant. This is the OTHER reason why we pull a deep vacuum. To lower the boiling point of water and make it a vapor which can then be sucked out with a vacuum pump.
On with the vacuuming process..."
(For this section, when I refer to "psi" I am really refering to "inches of mercury" or "inHg" which is the proper measurement for vacuum)
Once the vacuum has completed, CLOSE BOTH VALVES BEFORE TURNING OFF THE PUMP, or air will be sucked right back in the system and you will have to repeat. Your vacuum should be close to -29.92 psi. Now, it likely will not be this close, because that is perfect vacuum. But the closer the better. I got mine to -28.3 psi. If it only reaches -15 psi. then you likely have a leak somewhere preventing deep vacuum and your a/c system will NEVER blow cold with that a shallow vacuum due to the excessive amout of air and moisture left in the lines. I will repeat that. YOU MUST HAVE A DEEP (CLOSE TO -29 PSI) VACUUM FOR YOUR AC TO BLOW COLD. Vacuum lowers the boiling point of liquids, so at -28psi water will boil at approximately 10 degrees. Remember, if vacuum never gets deep enough, the water will never boil and be removed from the system. And we already know why air and moisture is bad for our a/c system.
Keep the gauge manifold attached with both valves CLOSED. Now you want to keep the lines up there to check for any leaks in the system. I let mine sit for 24 hours to check for any leaks. If you have a leak, the pressure will begin to stablize towards 0psi. Now its very possible that you have a small leak that lasts several months before fully depleting the system. There is another way to check for leaks. If you bought the UV dye kind of refrigerant, then you can check with an UV flashlight once you finish the charging process. You can also buy an electronic leak detector to check. It beeps when it senses refrigerant and detects as small as 0.1oz per YEAR. I do not know how small of leaks UV dye will show.
Now. If you have not changed any parts then you will still have oil in your line, so you do NOT need to add any. You do not want to overcharge with oil, or damage and insufficient cooling may occur.
Now with the valves CLOSED, unhook the middle line which goes to the pump and hook up your line that goes to the can of refrigerant. THIS NEXT STEP IS VERY IMPORTANT. With the refrigerant line CONNECTED and the valves CLOSED, open the can tap valve on the can of refrigerant. Now refrigerant is pressurizing the line. With your saftey gogles ON, press and hold the pressure relief button just above of the middle line's input connection. This allows refrigerant to fill the line. Hold this for about 10 seconds. This removed all AIR and MOISTURE from the yellow line and fill it with refrigerant. You do not want to add what you just spend an hour removing right back into the system.
Now that the line has been purged of air and moisture, you are almost ready to begin charging the lines. Turn your car ON and turn the a/c to max cooling max fan. Your compressor will most likely not turn on due to the low pressure cut off switch, which prevents damage to your compressor when the pressure is too low in the line. Now open the can top on the refrigerant can and open the LOW SIDE (BLUE) valve on the gauge manifold set. ONCE AGIAN, THE LOW BLUE SIDE, NOT RED. If you charge on the high side, you risk blowing the can of refrigerant up. Think about how much pressur 200psi is on a baby can of refrigerant. Now it will take about 30 minutes to an hour to fill the system with refrigerant. You might need to use two cans of refrigerant. If this is the case, when you are ready to switch cans close the blue low side tightly. Remove the empty can and attach the new one. NOW DON'T FORGET TO PURGE THE LINE AGAIN. Now repeat the process until the system is charged properly.
For those of you who are just a little low on refrigerant, you can top off your system if the leak is not major. You deside whether the leak is over a long enough period that it is worth it to simply top off and let it leak out again. To me, a 3 year long leak would be worth it to top off. Its easy enough to fix a leak.
To top off your ac, you do not need a gauge manifold if you are careful. Hook up the bottle straight to the low side line. REMEMBER TO PURGE THE LINE. To purge it without a purge valve, open the can so refrigerant is flowing out of the line. Now just screw on the hose while refrigerant is flowing out. Now you are safe from contaminating your precious time-invested a/c system.
Each a/c system takes its own amount of refrigerant. It's also very hard to judge how much of the can you have used, so be smart and pay attention so you dont overcharge. I highly doubt that the using the full can will be the exact amount you need.
WHEN YOU ARE FINISHED SERVICING YOUR A/C, MAKE SURE TO PUT THE CAPS BACK ON THE NIPPLES. If you dont have caps, GET SOME. The valve cores do not always seal properly. I just replaced mine and it still leaks a little bit some times. The cap will 100% seal them from leaking.
I hope this guide helped anyone who read it understand how a/c systems work and gave you enough knowledge so you can at least charge you system at home. There is no reason to pay a shop $100+ bucks in labor plus the cost of refrigerant when you can do it at home for ONLY the cost of refrigerant.
Here are a couple of websites that have a lot of great info on them about a/c's.
http://www.aircoparts.com/faq.htm
http://www.aircondition.com
http://www.acsource.com
Stay cool.
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UPDATE
Since you are probably wondering now...I will update my post.
HOW TO FLUSH YOUR A/C SYSTEM.
1. First, go buy flush at autozone. DON'T use regular soap, detergent or degreaser. The resedue left behind is not compatible with a/c oil or refrigetant. A/C flush solvent residue IS compatible with oil and refrigerant, so if any is left behind its no worries.
2. Rent an a/c flush gun from autozone. This just makes the process 8000 million times easier. If you cant find one, you could make one. Its basically a can with a charging input at top where you connect the compressed air source, and a removable peice at the top where you pour solvent into, and an output line coming out of the bottom where the pressurized solvent flows out. Otherwise, if you are really ghetto, you could get a funnel and pour it in the line 1 oz at a time, shoot some air through, and repeat.
3. If you have a flush gun, pour solvent in, hook up compressed air that will supply at LEAST 90PSI at 2.5 cfm. Ideal is 135psi constant, max 150 psi. Any less than 90 will not blow the solvent through efficiently.
NOTE: You can NOT flush through the COMPRESSOR, THERMAL EXPANSION VALVE/ORIFICE TUBE or RECEIVER-DRIER/ACCUMULATOR.
4. Unhook the lines at either the compressor. Then unhook the opposite end of the line and have a little bucket there to catch the flush material. So example. You want to flush the high side. Start at the compressor output line, then it will go through the condensor and come out of the drier fitting. (Remember, cant flush through the drier.) Then, start again at the drier output, and finish at where the expansion valve would be. Either do that, or take the TXV out, reconnect the lines, then flush from the drier output all the way through the evaporator then out the input line for the compressor.
Start flushing. It will shoot through the lines. The solvent is clear. If the solvent comes out BLACK and thick then you need to keep flushing with more solvent until it comes out CLEARISH and THIN. (It came out literally like melted chocolate when I flushed this dude's ford explorer.) The whole flush process takes about 30 minutes to an hour depending on how many times you need to flush it.
Its good to have a hand around to hold the compressed air line on the top of the flush gun while you hold the flush gun line in the a/c lines. Its stupid because you cant just screw the compressed air on the top, you have to hold it like pumping up a bike tube. It sucked to hold both by myself.
Once you are satisfied with the color of the solvent output, continue to flush with PURE AIR for 5-15 minutes, or until mainly air comes out. Be aware that most of the time, the solvent will be coming out as mist, while some will be dripping out in your bucket. It didnt kill me to breathe it, so i assume its non toxic. Also, when you first start to flush with a full can of solvent, BE SURE TO HOLD THE FLUSH GUN LINE UP TO THE A/C LINE FIRMLY, OR IT WILL ALL SHOOT RIGHT BACK OUT AT YOUR HAND.
Have fun.
My Cell Phone #
1-480-430-6156
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UPDATE:
Upon successfully recharging my second a/c system of my life, mine, my vent temp now blows at 50 degrees when ambient (outside) air is 110.
At 95 degrees and below, my a/c will max out at 40 degrees vent temperature (verified with a gauge) , which is when the compressor cycles off to prevent frost/ice from forming on the evaporator coils.
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And by the way. If anyone wants to send kind donations, I would love to accept them. Just shoot me an email through Honda-Tech's system.
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